The Lands of Sacramento

The novel is set in Molise between 1921 and 1922.
It is our South: peasant-bound, archaic, and motionless for centuries.
The lands of Sacramento are a fiefdom, left fallow because of a divine curse upheld by the Church, from which the estate had been expropriated by a wealthy family, the Cannavales.
Paradoxically, the abandonment of this land places it at the disposal of the peasants.
Some, the wealthiest and most unscrupulous, have shifted boundaries, effectively seizing the most fertile tracts; the majority, instead, turn to the fields to gather firewood, graze their few beasts, and forage for fruit and roots.
On the other hand, the owner, the lawyer Enrico—sole heir of the Cannavales—is the quintessential apathetic Southern proprietor, squandering his vast inheritance on gambling, women, and travel, surrounded by a brood of petty parasites and exploiters.
Luca, a twenty-year-old youth, tall, sturdy, and intelligent, is the son of impoverished peasants.
He was destined to become a priest; then, restless and wavering, he abandoned the seminary to his mother’s deep sorrow, only to find himself a law student, penniless and without prospects.
It would seem the classic destiny of so many Southern youths whose families made enormous sacrifices to have an educated son, however poor.
What upends Luca’s life, and the future of the Sacramento lands, is the sudden intrusion of Laura.
Raised in Naples and accustomed to the brilliant high society of the Parthenopean city, Laura was forced to relocate to Molise upon the death of her brother.
Ambitious, she refuses to resign herself to the dullness of provincial life.
She marries Lawyer Cannavale and resolves to develop the lands of Sacramento.
She needs an intermediary between her designs and the peasantry.
She finds him in Luca: who better than he—educated, driven, and respected by his people—can convince the farmhands to clear and till the Sacramento lands with the promise of holding them under emphyteusis? And Luca, naive and captivated by the woman, labors with vigor and success, placing his utmost trust in Laura.
For many pages, the reader too indulges the illusion that Laura genuinely wishes to bring progress to these desolate Molise wastes.
At last, a Southern proprietor who aspires to be an entrepreneur! Who loves her land! In reality, the peasants, and Luca with them, have been duped: the land has become the property of a Neapolitan corporation in which Laura is a shareholder.
The peasants must resign themselves to remaining mere impoverished day laborers, doomed to destitution.
They were used to break the ground, to dispel the curse, to inflate the sale value of the estate.
And as has always happened in our South, the peasants’ protest ends in violent, tragic repression, with Luca himself paying the ultimate price, cut down and killed.

The book is, first and foremost, a social novel, steeped in an intense realism.
The author depicts, with grim fatalism, an affair that could have repeated itself across the centuries, ever identical to itself: the yearning for the land, the figure of a young man turned intellectual who naively fails to grasp the machinations of power, and an indifferent, selfish, and rapacious ruling class.
After all, why trouble oneself over the lives of people who grow up, age, and die through the unfolding of physical existence, yet in a state of total mental inertia? This reading of the novel holds true for most of the events and characters, the latter serving as stereotypes of a social function rather than beings endowed with a rich inner life.
Yet this becomes less tenable when confronted with the figure of Laura.
Who is this woman? Cold, ambitious, amenable to a marriage of convenience, yet often affectionate, gentle, attentive to human relationships.
Is she truly a manipulator, or is she herself a victim?

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Why not read it? It is slow and monotonous, failing to engage the reader.